The onset of walking is a fundamental milestone in motor development of humans and other mammals, yet little is known about what factors determine its timing. Hoofed animals start walking within hours after birth, rodents and small carnivores require days or weeks, and nonhuman primates take months and humans approximately a year to achieve this locomotor skill. Here we show that a key to the expl

OBJECTIVE:: To describe the characteristics of patients undergoing multiple groin hernia repairs and to identify strategies that prevent further recurrence. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA:: Although relatively infrequent, recurrent groin hernias where several repairs have previously been undertaken constitutes a major problem in hernia surgery. Low numbers and heterogeneity have made it difficult to perf

Dysfunction in or lack of osteoclasts result in osteopetrosis, a group of rare but often severe, genetic disorders characterized by an increase in bone mass, skeletal malformations and bone marrow failure that may be fatal. Several of the underlying defects have lately been characterized in humans and in animal disease models. In humans, these defects often involve mutations in genes expressing pr

Studies seeking to validate real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) with regard to cardiac function and dimensions have almost exclusively used apical views. However, it has never been examined whether apical views are preferable to parasternal or subcostal views. In the present study, we compared the feasibility of 3DE volumetric measurements of the four heart chambers in three differe

Abstract is not available

Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) is the most common estimate of bone mass, incorporated in the World Health Organization definition of osteoporosis. However, aBMD depends on not only the amount of mineral but also the bone size. The estimated postmenopausal decline in aBMD could because of this be influenced by changes in bone size.We measured bone mineral content (BMC; mg), aBMD (mg/cm(2)), and

BACKGROUND: Simultaneous contact allergies to the reactive diluent phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) and epoxy resins based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) or epoxy resins of the bisphenol F-type have been reported. The latter epoxy resins contain three isomers of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (DGEBF). PGE, DGEBA, and DGEBF are chemically similar with respect to the reactive glycidyl group

Background-Experimental studies have shown that induction of hypothermia before reperfusion of acute coronary occlusion reduces infarct size. Previous clinical studies, however, have not been able to show this effect, which is believed to be mainly because therapeutic temperature was not reached before reperfusion in the majority of the patients. We aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of

Fathers are expected to play an increasing part in the care of children, but fathers are not automatically included in studies of early childhood. In this paper we present Swedish fathers' experiences of child health care. In the study, a total of 237 out of 279 (85%) fathers of small children were telephone interviewed using a structured questionnaire. As many as 165 (70%) had visited the child h

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a severe condition with nonspecific symptoms. Diagnosis relies on medical imaging but follow-up is currently based on clinical symptoms and general risk factors. The duration of anticoagulant treatment after an acute episode of PE is still subject to debate and the best method of identifying the risk of recurrence in individual patients is undefined. Tomograp

Abstract is not available

The radiative lifetimes in the s and d Rydberg sequences of neutral boron were investigated by combining the methods of laser-pulse compression and frequency-up conversion. The multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock (MCHF) method was used to calculate the lifetimes. Rydberg sequences in boron showed strong irregularities in energy due to configuration interaction. The results also showed that the energy

Objective: Previous studies suggest that low birth weight is associated with thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroidism in later life, but the potential effect of preterm birth, independent of fetal growth, is unknown. Our objective was to determine whether preterm birth is independently associated with medically treated hypothyroidism in young adulthood. Design/Participants: National cohort study of

Factor I (FI) is a soluble, 88 kDa glycoprotein present in plasma at a concentration of approximately 35 mg/L. FI inhibits all complement pathways as it degrades activated C4b and C3b when these are bound to a cofactor such as C4b-binding protein or factor H. Here, we describe a method for purification of FI from human plasma, which is based on affinity chromatography followed by anion exchange ch

Time trends in incidence, causes of death, and prognosis of cancer of unknown primary (CUP) could provide important clues for occult primary sites and thus result in effective organ-specific treatment, although such studies are seldom reported. We aimed at examining time trends in percentage and incidence rates, causes of death, and survival of CUP. A total of 50 545 patients with CUP were identif

Right ventricular heart rupture is a devastating complication associated with negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) following cardiac surgery. The use of a rigid disc has been suggested to offer protection against this lethal complication by preventing the heart from being drawn up towards, and damaged by, the sharp sternum edges. The aim of the present study was to compare the wound fluid evacua

OBJECTIVE: To understand aggrecan degradation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), the pattern and abundance of aggrecan fragments in synovial fluid aspirates from JIA patients were analysed and compared with aggrecan fragments in synovial fluids from patients with other arthritides, juvenile knee injury and a knee-healthy reference group. METHODS: The concentration of sulphated glycosamino