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Differences by sex in lung cancer incidence and mortality have been reported which cannot be fully explained by sex differences in smoking behavior, implying existence of genetic and molecular basis for sex disparity in lung cancer development. However, the information about sex dimorphism in lung cancer risk is quite limited despite the great success in lung cancer association studies. By adoptin

Objectives Few studies have evaluated the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among treatment-seeking elite athletes (EA) or high-performance coaches (HPC) in psychiatric outpatient settings. Methods Descriptive overview of EA and HPC with psychiatric disorders at two publicly funded psychiatric outpatient treatment clinics in Stockholm and Malmö, Sweden. Co-occurring psychiatric disorders were il

Background: Interleukin-17 (IL-17) monoclonal antibody drugs have been increasingly significant in the treatment of psoriasis, but it is not clear whether the efficacy is equivalent across ethnicities. Objective: To explore the differences of short-term efficacy of IL-17 inhibitors between Caucasians and Asians. Methods: The pooled log risk ratio (logRR) between the groups was estimated. The meta-

This is a report from the 22nd Meeting of the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology, held October 23-25, 2021. The 3-day event offered an educational experience covering the major scientific and clinical advances in gynecological oncology. The Congress program included different session formats, including guidelines updates and state-of-the-art lectures. This article provides an overview of

We present the public code ScannerS–2 that performs parameter scans and checks parameter points in theories beyond the Standard Model (BSM) with extended scalar sectors. ScannerS incorporates theoretical and experimental constraints from many different sources in order to judge whether a parameter point is allowed or excluded at approximately 95%CL. The BSM models implemented in ScannerS include m

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) that affects older patients is an independent risk factor for thromboembolic events. The objective of this study was to identify predictive factors for thromboembolic events in patients with GCA and develop quantitative predictive tools (prognostic nomograms) for pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). A total of 13,029 patients with a GCA diagnosis wer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest malignancies and potentially curable only with radical surgical resection at early stages. The tumor microenvironment has been shown to be central to the development and progression of PDAC.A better understanding of how early human PDAC metabolically communicates with its environment and differs from healthy pancreas could help improve

Background: Here, we explore the association between excess weight during early to mid-adulthood and survival in patients diagnosed with breast and colorectal cancer, using a pooled analysis of five cohort studies and study participants from 11 countries. Methods: Participant-level body mass index (BMI) trajectories were estimated by fitting a growth curve model using over 2 million repeated BMI m

Background: Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) is a constitutive hormone secreted in men by the mature Leydig cells of the testes. It is an accurate biomarker for Leydig cell functional capacity, reflecting their total cell number and differentiation status. Objectives: To determine the ability of INSL3 to predict hypogonadism and age-related morbidity using the EMAS cohort of older community-dwelling

Background: Mobile app-based tools have the potential to yield rapid, cost-effective, and sensitive measures for detecting dementia-related cognitive impairment in clinical and research settings. At the same time, there is a substantial need to validate these tools in real-life settings. The primary aim of this study was thus to evaluate the feasibility, validity, and reliability of mobile app-bas

Cardio-pulmonary diseases, which were once regarded as a man's illness, have been one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality for both men and women in many countries in recent years. Both gender and sex influence the functional and structural changes in the human body and therefore play an important role in disease clinical manifestation, treatment choice, and/or response to treatment an

An appropriate production of mature blood cells, or hematopoiesis, is essential for organismal health and homeostasis. In this developmental cascade, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiate into intermediate progenitor types, that subsequently give rise to the many distinct blood cell lineages. Here, we describe tools and methods that permit for temporal and native clonal-level HSC lineage t

Cytokines are key regulators of tumor immune surveillance by controlling immune cell activity. Here, we investigated whether interleukin 4 (IL4) has antileukemic activity via immune-mediated mechanisms in an in vivo murine model of acute myeloid leukemia driven by the MLL-AF9 fusion gene. Although IL4 strongly inhibited leukemia development in immunocompetent mice, the effect was diminished in imm

Background: Preclinical rodent models for Parkinson's disease (PD) based on viral human alpha-synuclein (h-αSyn) overexpression recapitulate some of the pathological hallmarks as it presents in humans, such as progressive cell loss and additional synucleinopathy in cortical and subcortical structures. Recent studies have combined viral vector-based overexpression of human wild-type αSyn with the s

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is a serious comorbidity in heart failure patients, but effective therapies are lacking. We investigated the mechanisms that alter hippocampal neurons following myocardial infarction (MI).METHODS: MI was induced in male C57Bl/6 mice by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. We utilised standard procedures to measure cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulat

Background: There are few studies on the locus coeruleus (LC) in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and the potential differences in the LC related to the underlying proteinopathy. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the LC in FTLD subgroups. Methods: Neuropathological cases diagnosed with FTLD were included. The subgroups consisted of FTLD with tau, transactive response DNA-

Milk with different κ-casein (CN) phenotypes has previously been found to influence its gastric digestion rate. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to disentangle contributions of genetic variation and its related sialylation on the in vitro digestion process of κ-CN. Accordingly, κ-CN was purified from milk representing homozygous cows with κ-CN phenotypes AA, BB, or EE and used as substra

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has challenged an array of democratic institutions in complex and unprecedented ways. Little academic work, however, has considered the pandemic’s impact on Canada’s courts. This article aims to partially fill that gap by exploring the Canadian court system’s response to COVID-19 and the prospects for administering justice amid disasters, all throug

Generally, droplet velocity in liquid-liquid two-phase flow in microchannel is obtained via droplet displacement and time interval precise determination in sequential photos/videos. The precision is tightly related to shutter speed of the camera. In this paper, a novel method called direct image method is proposed to predict the droplet velocity. The droplet velocity can be easily obtained in one