Biomedical research is the first step towards the creation of new medications and treatments that help to manage different types of health conditions and diseases. The prevention and cure of diseases would be practically impossible without such type of research. Although the drug discovery and development processes are far too costly, time-consuming, prone to failure, and have low success rate, to

Questions in causality, control, and reinforcement learning go beyond the classical machine learning task of prediction under i.i.d. observations. Instead, these fields consider the problem of learning how to actively perturb a system to achieve a certain effect on a response variable. Arguably, they have complementary views on the problem: In control, one usually aims to first identify the system

Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, ex

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by rapid growth and high metastatic capacity. It has strong epidemiologic and biologic links to tobacco carcinogens. Although the majority of SCLCs exhibit neuroendocrine features, an important subset of tumors lacks these properties. Genomic profiling of SCLC reveals genetic instability, almost universal inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes TP5

Dark matter’s presence can be inferred from gravitational interactions and astrophysical observations, but its nature is still unknown. If dark matter is a particle, then we hope to complement these observations from space and understand its nature and interactions by producing it in controlled laboratory conditions. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), hosted at the CERN laboratory in Switzerland, pr

This thesis investigates Swedish crisis management. This thesis aims to contribute to crisis research by providing critical perspectives on the role of knowledge in crisis management settings. The papers in this thesis stem from empirical studies of the major cases of Swedish crisis management during the last decade, including the Swedish refugee crisis in 2015, the wildfires in 2018, and the Covi

Environmental exposure to noise and particle matter (PM) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although there are often higher levels in occupational settings, little is known about noise and particle exposures at work and CVD risks. We investigated occupational noise and particle exposures and acute effects on pulse rate and blood pressure. 46 active, non-smoking, male construction w

We designed and simulated a 1 GHz planar dipole antenna that is cloaked in a band around 10 GHz. Relative to an uncloaked antenna it has a reduced extinction cross-section for the co-antenna polarization, at the cost of an increased cross-polarization. This reduced extinction cross-section characterizes a reduction in scattering and absorption, and so reduced interference to electromagnetic waves

The effect of electron-beam patterning on the water uptake and ionic conductivity of Nafion films using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, quartz crystal microbalance studies, neutron reflectometry, and impedance spectroscopy is reported. The aim is to further characterize the nanoscale patterned Nafion structures recently used as a key element in novel ion-to-electron transducers

While Weighted Lasso sparse regression has appealing statistical guarantees that would entail a major real-world impact in finance, genomics, and brain imaging applications, it is typically scarcely adopted due to its complex high-dimensional space composed by thousands of hyperparameters. On the other hand, the latest progress with high-dimensional hyperparameter optimization (HD-HPO) methods for

Maritime communication is one of the 5G vertical domains and is attracting more attention. Advanced channel models that accurately characterize the wideband maritime propagation channels are essential for the development of modern maritime communication technologies. To this end, we measured the propagation channel at 5.6GHz with a sailing boat, capturing the channel with a bandwidth of 250MHz, bo

Objective Studies indicate that the functional outcome evolves in the year after ischemic stroke onset. However, the traditional outcome measure in stroke trials is the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days from onset. To determine mRS fluctuations in the first year after stroke, we examined data from 3 major stroke trials.MethodsIn a secondary analysis, we evaluated intrapatient mRS between 90 d

Objective: The first-line approach for childhood obesity is lifestyle intervention (LI); however, success varies. This study aimed first to identify distinct subgroups of response in children living with overweight and obesity and second to elucidate predictors for subclusters. Methods: Based on the obesity patient follow-up registry the APV (Adipositas-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation) initiative,

Stress-related health problems have increased sharply over the last two decades and have become a serious issue at all levels of society. In the Jönköping Region in southern Sweden, a nature-based rehabilitation (NBR) program for adults with Exhaustion Syndrome has been developed and then implemented into the Swedish National Healthcare System. The main aim of this study was to investigate the eff

The assignment of products to storage locations significantly impacts the efficiency of warehouse operations. We propose a multi-phase optimizer for a Storage Location Assignment Problem (SLAP) where solution quality is based on a distance estimate of future-forecasted order picking. Candidate assignments are first sampled using a Markov Chain accept/reject method. Future-forecasted pick-rounds ar

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B-cell malignancy currently considered incurable. Although some patients obtain prolonged remission after first-line chemoimmunotherapy, many will need several treatment lines. Here, we present a nationwide assessment of treatment strategies, time to progression and survival in MCL. All patients diagnosed with MCL 2006-2018 were identified in the Swedish Lymphoma Re

In this special issue of articles from leading neuroethologists—all of whom gave outstanding presentations within the Presidential Symposium of the 2022 International Congress of Neuroethology held in Lisbon, Portugal—we learn about the role of cryptochrome molecules in the magnetic sense of animals, how honeybees construct their honeycombs, why fish eyes are built the way they are in species from

Deltas play a critical role in the ambition to achieve global sustainable development given their relatively large shares in population and productive croplands, as well as their precarious low-lying position between upstream river basin development and rising seas. The large pressures on these systems risk undermining the persistence of delta societies, economies, and ecosystems. We analyse possi