Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Spektroskopi handlar om teoretiska modeller och experiment där man observerar ljus som har växelverkat med materia. Spektroskopiska metoder används inom många olika ämnesområden som exempelvis kemi, fysik och biologi. Ett jordnära exempel på tillämpad spektroskopi är människans öga. Reflekterat ljus från olika föremål samlas in av linsen i ögat, avbildas på näthiIn this thesis a novel spectroscopic method consisting of a combination of frequency domain photon migration (FPDM) and gas in scattering media absorption spectroscopy (GASMAS) is developed, for assessment of the mean optical path length and gas absorption in porous media. The system stability is experimentally investigated and measurements are performed on balsa and pine wood to evaluate the rela

Thomas Quick erkände under 1990-talet ett 30-tal mord som han påstod att han begått i Sverige, Norge, Danmark, och Finland under åren 1964-1993. Han dömdes för åtta av dem. 18 år senare, i december 2008, tar han tillbaka alla sina erkännanden av mord och begär resning för samtliga fällande domar. Detta har hittills resulterat i tre frikännande domar samt två positiva resningsbeslut. Pelle Svensson1990 Thomas Quick confessed to around 30 murders that he claimed to have committed in Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland around the years 1964-1993. He was convicted for eight of them. 18 years later he takes back his confessions of murder and applies for remedy for all his convictions. This has so far resulted in three acquittals and five granted trials of remedy. Pelle Svensson, lawyer and auth

This thesis investigates the traditional role of women in society through looking at five novels about women by women. To establish what a woman’s traditional place is this thesis compares Coventry Patmore’s poem “The Angel in the House” to Virginia Woolf’s speech “Professions for Women.” It then goes on to analyze the main women characters of five literary works that demonstrate and counter this

Förmannaansvar (command responsibility) är en form av straffansvar som utvecklats till största delen under 1900-talet och ger möjlighet att åtala militära befälhavare och andra överordnade för krigsbrott samt brott mot mänskligheten genom att bevisa tre rekvisit. Inledningsvis måste befälhavaren ha effektiv kontroll över den underordnade som begått brottet. Vidare krävs att befälhavaren innehar enCommand responsibility is a mode of criminal responsibility that developed mostly during the 20th century and provides the opportunity to charge military commanders and other superiors for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by their subordinates by proving three criteria. To begin with, the commander must have exercised effective control over the subordinate, moreover the commander m

The purpose of this essay is to establish the screenplay as a valid, and relevant, object for study in the field of film studies in order to stimulate further research within the field and for a more prevalent inclusion of screenplays in the general discourse of film studies. I argue that accounts of the screenplay as either literature or blueprints, which stand in ideological opposition to each o

Marknadsföring genom aggressiva metoder har traditionellt ansetts otillbörligt och förbjudet i Sverige. Det var först genom tillkomsten av Marknadsföringslagen (2008:486) som det infördes ett uttryckligt förbud mot aggressiv marknadsföring. Anledningen var att direktivet 2005/29/EG om otillbörliga affärsmetoder, som uttryckligen förbjuder aggressiva metoder, skulle implementeras. Sedan dess ska maMarketing through aggressive methods has traditionally been considered inappropriate and prohibited in Sweden. It was first when Sweden adopted Marketing Act (2008:486) an explicit prohibition of aggressive commercial practices was introduced. The reason was that the Directive 2005/29/EC “the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive” - explicitly prohibiting aggressive commercial practices – was impl

China’s intervention in general and the aid involvement in Africa in particular have provoked contentious debates. This study with the help of interdependence theory attempted to examine the nature of China–Africa aid relations and demonstrate the overall impact of the Chinese aid relation on Africa as well as the traditional Western influence. Employing a single-holistic case study qualitative ap

“Buy one – get one free!” is one of hundreds of commercial messages you see every day. Recent research has concluded what salespeople have known for decades; there is something peculiar about offers involving the concept of free. Suddenly people start to behave irrationally and make choices far from the predictable safe havens of classical economic theory. This thesis test the existence of a zero-

I denna studie undersöktes hur träning i medveten närvaro påverkade psykologiskt välbefinnande och medkänsla hos barn i tidig adolescens. Urvalet bestod av 251 högstadieelever från två olika skolor i södra Sverige. Interventionen var ett medveten närvaro-baserat program, COMPAS (Compassion and Attention in the Schools), som bestod av två förinspelade guidade meditationer som eleverna lyssnade på tIn this study we explored how mindfulness training interacted with psychological wellbeing and compassion for children in early adolescence. The sample included 251 7th and 8th grade students from two elementary schools in southern Sweden. The intervention was a mindfulness based-program called COMPAS (Compassion and Attention in the Schools), which consisted of two pre recorded guided meditations

Grooming is a widespread problem all over the Internet. Swedish research proves this issue to be more common than suspected for youth spending time on the Internet. This study focuses on Internet relationships from the perspective of exposed grooming victims. Central questions are: What are the consequences for young people after establishing contacts with unknown persons? Which are the main featu

Syfte: Studien syftar till att ta reda på vilka faktorer företagen anser centrala vid olika beslut om lokalisering av butiker för dagligvaruhandel av livsmedel. Vidare utforskas om befintlig teori inom området används, explicit eller implicit, för lokaliseringsbeslut inom dagligvaruhandel. Slutligen presenterar studien slutsatser om hur företag med hjälp av existerande teori kan uppnå framgångsrik

Purpose: The purpose of the master thesis is to describe and analyze the financing phenomenon crowdfunding and investigate the relation among the crowdfunder, the project creator and the crowdfunding website. Methodology: Case studies based on three crowdfunding websites including IndieGoGo, Kickstarter and SellaBand, nine crowdfunding projects derive from the three websites and forty-five crowdfu

Bangladesh has a long history of coping with and recovery from disasters. Although climate extremes are increasingly taking huge tolls especially in the Southwestern part of the country, households are resisting the negative outcomes of these events as best they can. This research explores the coping strategies of the people of a coastal village in the wake of a cyclone, Aila. The vulnerability ap

The purpose of this study is to assess the effort of Non-Governmental Organization in combating violence against women in Nigeria using an NGO known as Women Right Advancement and Protection Alternative (WRAPA). This study uses qualitative method in gathering empirical data as well as in the analysis. The interview guide was semi-structured interviews whereby WRAPA’s employees working at the organ

The European Employment Strategy (EES) is a European open-method of co-ordination, which intends to reduce the unemployment numbers in the member states. Finland has been used as a case study, and the thesis aims to capture the EES’s potential to affect domestic employment policies, and co-ordination between different levels in the frames of unemployment of young adults. The analysis has been made

The pattern separation process, where sensory input is given an individual place in memory without compromising or overwriting older memory representations, is highly sensitive to small changes in input, and as the similarity between items increases so does pattern separation demand (Clelland et al., 2009; Yassa & Stark, 2011). This experiment tested performance on a pattern separation-depende

Nuclear physics research is focused upon determining the structure of the atomic nucleus and nuclei, and understanding the interactions both within it and between them. To accomplish this, various probes of the nucleus are used - two types are 'electromagnetic' and 'hadronic'. An example of an electromagnetic probe is the photon, which has the advantage of interacting with the nu

Background: Overweight and obesity in the preschool years has become an established problem in Sweden. Objectives: To study the development of weight status between the ages of 4-5 and 10-11 in two groups of different socioeconomic belongings and to create an overview of weight management programs for very young children. Method: The study population was a group of children born in 1999, living in

In the last decades of museum policies and practices, the work concerning museum collections has increasingly also become a matter of accessibility for museum visitors. One manifestation of this is to make collections available digitally, but at the same time, many museums also make their collections available physically in the form of visible storage. The latter poses increased risks of damage to