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Robustness Assessment of Images From a 0.35T Scanner of an Integrated MRI-Linac : Characterization of Radiomics Features in Phantom and Patient Data

Purpose: Radiomics entails the extraction of quantitative imaging biomarkers (or radiomics features) hypothesized to provide additional pathophysiological and/or clinical information compared to qualitative visual observation and interpretation. This retrospective study explores the variability of radiomics features extracted from images acquired with the 0.35 T scanner of an integrated MRI-Linac.

Genetic risk of type 2 diabetes modifies the effects of a lifestyle intervention aimed at the prevention of gestational and postpartum diabetes

Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this study was to assess the interaction between genetic risk and lifestyle intervention on the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and postpartum diabetes. Methods: The RADIEL study is an RCT aimed at prevention of GDM and postpartum diabetes through lifestyle intervention. Participants with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 and/or prior GDM were allocated to intervention

Nickel penetration into stratum corneum in FLG null carriers—A human experimental study

Background: The filaggrin gene (FLG) plays a role in skin diseases, with the skin barrier function being impaired in FLG null carriers. The role of FLG status in relation to nickel penetration into the skin remains unclear. Objectives: To elucidate the association between FLG status and nickel penetration into stratum corneum (SC) in individuals without self-reported history of nickel allergy. Met

In-silico Formulation of Iterative Learning Control for Chromatographic Purification of Biopharmaceuticals

This study presents a novel application of multivariate iterative learning control (ILC) to the continuous, chromatographic ion-exchange purification of biopharmaceuticals for consistent and reliable production. The ILC algorithm used was based on a linearized model of the retention times of two compounds as functions of the starting and ending values of a linear salt gradient. Simulations of an i

Hyperelastic constants from a modified hardness test using energy balance obtained from FE-analysis

In order to simplify the hyperelastic characterisation of rubber materials, an extension of the standard hardness test is proposed. A number of indentation depths are chosen for the hardness test and the indentation forces for these depths are recorded. By this modification, hyperelastic constants can be derived from the test, providing more information from the test by a small extra effort. Equiv

Diagnostic and prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease with poor prognosis. The symptoms are often unspecific, which can lead to delayed diagnosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) can be used to accurately assess the right ventricle (RV) and is the gold standard for measuring volumes and global ventricular function, such as ejection fraction. However, even with preserved ejection fractio

Contradiction between management models and welfare principles in the provision of health care services - a Swedish genealogy

Health care currently constitute one of the largest parts of the Scandinavian welfare system, with private as well as public providers competing on a quasi-market. In order to ensure an egalitarian and safe provision of health care services this sector is governed by several policies, laws and regulations. Previous research demonstrates that these services are regulated by processes of decommodifi

Identifying Heterozipper β-Sheet in Twisted Amyloid Aggregation

Amyloid peptide (AP) self-assembly is a hierarchical process. However, the mechanistic rule of guiding peptides to organize well-ordered nanostructure in a clear and precise manner remains poorly understood. Herein we explored the molecular insight of AP motif aggregates underlying hierarchical process with helical fibrillar structure by atomic force microscope, cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM),

Low numbers of COVID-19 in Swedish pediatric oncology patients during the first pandemic year despite an open society

Background: Sweden adopted a different strategy than many other countries to combat the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and kept most schools open. Initial reports from China suggested that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was milder in children compared to adults, but there was a lack of data from immunocompromised children. Therefore, we investigated the

Standardized care pathways for patients with suspected urinary bladder cancer : the Swedish experience

Objectives: To compare time intervals to diagnosis and treatment, tumor characteristics, and management in patients with primary urinary bladder cancer, diagnosed before and after the implementation of a standardized care pathway (SCP) in Sweden. Materials and methods: Data from the Swedish National Register of Urinary Bladder Cancer was studied before (2011–2015) and after (2016–2019) SCP. Data a

Axonal injury in asymptomatic individuals preceding onset of multiple sclerosis

Axonal loss is the main cause of irreversible disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Serum neurofilament light (sNfL) is a biomarker of axonal disintegration. In this nested case–control study, blood samples from 519 presymptomatic persons (age range 4–39 years) who later received an MS diagnosis showed higher sNfL concentrations than 519 matched controls (p < 0.0001), noticeable at least 10 years

Identifying Shocked Feldspar on Mars Using Perseverance Spectroscopic Instruments : Implications for Geochronology Studies on Returned Samples

The Perseverance rover (Mars 2020) mission, the first step in NASA’s Mars Sample Return (MSR) program, will select samples for caching based on their potential to improve understanding Mars’ astrobiological, geological, geochemical, and climatic evolution. Geochronologic analyses will be among the key measurements planned for returned samples. Assessing a sample’s shock history will be critical be

Convergence of Electronic Structure Properties in Ionic Oxides Within a Fragment Approach

Embedded-cluster models of crystalline solids are important to allow accurate wave function methods to be applicable to solids. The ab-initio model potential method, in which the crystal is divided into three different fragments, one quantum fragment, one ab-initio model potential fragment and one point-charge fragment, has historically been shown to be a viable tool for describing the electronic

A program system for self-consistent embedded potentials for ionic crystals

Embedded-cluster models of crystalline solids are important to allow accurate wave function methods to be applicable to solids. The ab initio model potential method for embedding ionic solids has historically been shown to be a viable tool. While useful, the method has been limited by the need to generate such potentials for each crystal structure and the lack of a freely available program for gen

Automated Measurements of Mitral and Tricuspid Annular Dimensions in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Our recent work on mitral and tricuspid valve tracking in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging to obtain accurate evaluations of longitudinal myocardial valve motion (both relaxation and contraction) has enabled an automated diastolic function assessment (e') with CMR. Its time-resolved capability allows a further evaluation of the valve dynamics by providing valve dimension measurement

Intensive motherhood and educational desires in uncertain times: Negotiating ambiguous expectations in twenty-first century Singapore

This paper explores intensive motherhood and educational desires in contemporary Singapore. Singapore’s education system is globally renowned for its high academic standards and for producing students who excel in international assessment tests and rankings. At the same time, there has been a shift of attention in education policy towards social-emotional competencies and well-being. While a top-n

Clinical studies of extended-half-life recombinant FVIII products for prophylaxis in adults and children : A critical review from the physician's perspective

This review compares the methodology of published clinical studies investigating the extended-half-life (EHL) factor VIII (FVIII) products, rFVIIIFc (efmoroctocog alfa, Elocta®/Eloctate®), BAY 94-9027 (damoctocog alfa pegol, Jivi®), BAX 855 (rurioctocog alfa pegol, Adynovate®) and N8-GP (turoctocog alfa pegol, Esperoct®) including the phase 2/3 studies, A-LONG (NCT01181128), PROTECT VIII (NCT01580

Protein binding on acutely toxic and non-toxic polystyrene nanoparticles during filtration by Daphnia magna

Nanomaterials can adsorb biomolecules to their surface and form a protein corona. Here we investigated the protein profile bound to different sizes of aminated and carboxylated polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles after passing through the digestive tract of the freshwater zooplankter Daphnia magna. We found that acutely toxic aminated 53 nm PS nanoparticles bind a different set of proteins compared to