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The rather thin outermost layer of the mammalian skin, stratum corneum (SC), is a complex biomembrane which separates the water rich inside of the body from the dry outside. The skin surface can be exposed to rather extreme variations in ambient conditions (e.g. water activity, temperature and pH), with potential effects on the barrier function. Increased understanding of how the barrier is affect

Background/Aims: Fast-track programs involving multi-modal measures to enhance recovery after surgery, reduce morbidity and decrease hospital length of stay (LOS) are used for different major surgical procedures. For liver resections, factors influencing LOS within a fast-track program have been studied only to a limited extent, which was the aim of the present study. Methodology: The present stud

In green photosynthetic bacteria, the chlorosome baseplate mediates excitation energy transfer from the interior of the light-harvesting chlorosome toward the reaction centers. However, the electronic states of the baseplate remain unexplored, hindering the mechanistic understanding of the baseplate as an excitation energy collector and mediator. Here we use two-dimensional spectroscopy to study t

Intestinal ischemia after cardiac surgery is a rare but severe complication with a high mortality. Early surgery can be lifesaving. The aim was to analyze the incidence, outcome, and risk factors for these patients.

We describe the transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) to two patients from a thoracic surgeon who was unaware of his hepatitis C infection. By partial sequencing of the non-structural 5B gene and phylogenetic analysis, the viruses from both patients were found to be closely related to genotype la strain from the surgeon. Two further hepatitis C cases were found in relation to the thoracic clinic

Many environmental strategies relying on a mere improvement of resource productivity and eco-efficiency of processes and products are not able to fully address the environmental impacts induced by increasing consumption. In addition to these strategies, the concept of sustainable consumption calls for changing the levels and patterns of consumption, which require complimentary approaches. However,

N. antarctica occurs in the widest range of habitat types among all South American Nothofagus. The aim of this Study is to investigate adaptive responses by variation in morphological (tree form and leaf characters), and environmental traits (soils) of the polymorphic N. antarctica. Also we analyze the effect of genetic drift and limited gene flow in such predominantly apomict by means of neutral

Abstract is not available

Three previously published control strategies for anaerobic digestion were implemented in Simulink/Matlab using Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 (ADM1) to model the biological process. The controllers' performance were then simulated and evaluated based on their responses from five different types of process scenarios i.e. start-up and steady state performance as well as disturbances from concentra

Single-file diffusion is a theoretically challenging many-body problem where the calculation of even the simplest observables, e.g. mean square displacement, for a tracer particle requires an elaborate mathematical machinery. There is therefore a need for simple approaches which provide intuitive understandings and predict qualitatively correct behaviours. Here we put forward a scaling-type method

ABSTRACT The aim of the present work was to compare patients with advanced cancer receiving specialized palliative home care with those receiving conventional care. A hospital-based advanced home care programme was initiated, in order to enable patients to remain at home for a longer period and to choose to die at home. The allocation to advanced home care (AHC) or conventional care (CC) was perf

Cerealier och andra fiberrika råvaror är näringsrika och innehåller, förutom kostfiber, olika bioaktiva substanser och mineralämnen. Dessa är nyckelingredienser för formulering av en rad nya livsmedel med hälsopotential.

Background: Emergency contraception (EC) is a type of modern contraception which is indicated after unprotected sexual intercourse when regular contraception is not in use. The importance of EC is evident in preventing unintended pregnancies and its ill consequences like unintended child delivery or unsafe abortion, which are the most common causes of maternal mortality. Therefore, EC need to be a

Associations between genotypes and cognitive outcomes may provide clues as to which mechanisms cause individual differences in old-age cognitive performance. We investigated the effects of five polymorphisms on cognitive functioning in a population-based sample of 2,694 persons without dementia (60-102 years). A structural equation model (SEM) was fit to the cognitive data, yielding five specific

The earthworm, Dendrobaena octaedra, is a common species in the uppermost soil and humus layers of coniferous forests and tundra in temperate and subarctic regions. The species is freeze-tolerant and may survive several months in a frozen state. Upon freezing, glycogen reserves are rapidly converted to glucose serving as a cryoprotectant and fuel for metabolism. In the present study we investigate