All language use is a multimodal endeavor. Language processing must deal with both auditory and visual signals and integrate them with millisecond precision. This chapter presents evidence for the inherently multimodal nature of language use, outlines the implications for the study of L2 processing, and provides a survey of the main methods used to probe multimodal processing in production and com

Purpose: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is commonly used to calculate carboplatin doses and capping the eGFR may be used to reduce the risk of excessive dosing and toxicity. We sought to retrospectively examine the impact of our carboplatin guidelines on pathological complete response rates (pCR) and toxicity in women with HER2+ breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant docetaxel, carboplat

Purpose: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a promising breast cancer screening tool that has already begun making inroads into clinical practice. However, there is ongoing debate over how to quantitatively evaluate and optimize these systems, because different definitions of image quality can lead to different optimal design strategies. Powerful and accurate tools are desired to extend our und

We have evaluated a method for synthesizing mammograms by comparing the texture of clinical and synthetic mammograms. The synthesis algorithm is based upon simulations of breast tissue and the mammographic imaging process. Mammogram texture was synthesized by projections of simulated adipose tissue compartments. It was hypothesized that the synthetic and clinical texture have similar properties, a

This work presents a data-driven model to simulate the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues in real time. The aim of this model is to speed up some multimodal registration algorithms, as well as some image-guided interventions. Ten virtual breast phantoms were used in this work. Their deformation during a mammography was performed off-line using the finite element method. Three machine learni

This paper presents a novel methodology to in-vivo estimate the elastic constants of a constitutive model proposed to characterize the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues. An iterative search algorithm based on genetic heuristics was constructed to in-vivo estimate these parameters using only medical images, thus avoiding invasive measurements of the mechanical response of the breast tissues

A novel method of noise reduction has been tested for mammography using computer-simulated images for which the truth is known exactly. This method is based on comparing two images. The images are compared at different scales, using a cross-correlation function as a measure of similarity to define the image modifications in the wavelet domain. The computer-simulated images were calculated for nois

The paper present a parallel implementation of an image processing algorithm for the on-line, non-destructive quality assurance of the non-woven, fibrous web materials. The task of the algorithm is to compute the material microstructure descriptors. The premise underlying this work is that the microstructure determines the performance of the material and characterization of the microstructure may

Objective: To examine whether C4d plasma levels correlate with treatment response and C4d kidney deposition in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with lupus nephritis (LN). Methods: C4d plasma levels were analyzed by a unique assay specifically detecting C4d arising from complement activation and C4 plasma levels were quantified with competitive ELISA. SLE patients with LN (71) and active SLE pati

The seminal vesicle secretions of guinea pig and rabbit were analyzed for semen coagulum proteins. Using SDS-PAGE we discovered a previously not fully recognized semen coagulum protein, Svp5, in the guinea pig and a single predominant component, SVP200, in the rabbit. Potential genes of these proteins were identified in genome databases by their homology with human and murine genes. The structure

The terrestrial biosphere shows substantial inertia in its response to environmental change. Hence, assessments of transient changes in ecosystem properties to 2100 do not capture the full magnitude of the response realized once ecosystems reach an effective equilibrium with the changed environmental boundary conditions. This equilibrium state can be termed the committed state, in contrast to a tr

An innovative alternating V-rows triangular tube layout was devised for the twisted elliptical tube heat exchangers to enhance heat transfer between adjacent tubes. Under the same tube circumference, altogether eleven twisted elliptical tube heat exchangers with two tube layouts, diverse aspect ratios of twisted elliptical tubes and different twisted pitches were constructed and simulated, includi

We present a useful methodology to simulate ionic fluids confined by two charged and perfectly conducting surfaces. Electrostatic interactions are treated using a modified 3D Ewald sum, which accounts for all image charges across the conductors, as well as the 2D periodicity, parallel to the surfaces. The energy expression is exact, and the method is trivial to implement in existing Ewald codes. W

The exact asymptotic computational complexity for a problem of indexing cells on a uniform grid intersecting with a union of C(1) surfaces has been proven. The computational complexity of the recursive partition indexing algorithm, utilized for simulation of septated tissues, is derived and the algorithm is demonstrated as being asymptotically optimal.

Purpose: To evaluate inter- and intrareader agreement in breast percent density (PD) estimation on clinical digital mammograms and central digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) projection images. Materials and Methods: This HIPAA-compliant study had institutional review board approval; all patients provided informed consent. Breast PD estimation was performed on the basis of anonymized digital mammog

-An algorithm for displaying gray level images using a small number of flxed quantization levels is proposed. The algorithm, called multilevel halftoning, is based on the Cellular Neural Networks (CNN) paradigm. It tracks the CNN transient outputs and selects the image which is subjectively perceived to be the best when reduced to the allowed number of gray levels. The selection criterion is based