Judges should not be influenced by legally irrelevant circumstances in their legal decision making and judges generally believe that they manage legally irrelevant circumstances well. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate whether this self-image is correct. Swedish judges (N = 256) read a vignette depicting a case of libel, where a female student had claimed on her blog that sh

Central to the development of diabetic macro- and microvascular disease is endothelial dysfunction, which appears well before any clinical sign but, importantly, is potentially reversible. We previously demonstrated that hyperglycemia activates nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in conduit and medium-sized resistance arteries and that NFAT blockade abolishes diabetes-driven aggravation of

Analysis of an airborne geophysical data covering the Tasiast-Tijirit Terrane in the western part of the Reguibat Shield (including the 1:200,000 geological sheets of Chami, Ahmeyim and Atar), provided an improved mapping of mafic dyke swarms, structural features, and hydrothermal alteration zones. It also extended the mapping into extensive areas covered by sand. A low-altitude (100 m) airborne s

Objectives: 68Ga-DOTATOC PET targets somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) and is well established for the detection of SSTR-expressing tumors, such as gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Pituitary adenomas, recently designated as pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs), also express SSTRs, but there has been no previous evaluations of 68Ga-DOTATOC PET in PitNET patients. The aim of this pilot stud

The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) in the treatment of certain types of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) has been the topic of much debate and disagreement over the last several decades. In this review, the evidence for its use is presented and discussed by two experts in DFU management. Whereas some randomized controlled trials suggest that HBO may speed the healing of certain ischaemic or neur

PURPOSE: To describe a specific cone-rod dystrophy phenotype in a family with the homozygous c.1429G>A; p.Gly477Arg mutation in CRB1. The detailed phenotype of subjects with this specific mutation has not been described previously. METHODS: Clinical examination included full-field electroretinography and high-resolution and widefield retinal imaging and uveitis workup. Molecular genetic analysis i

The past several decades have illustrated an enormous interest in noble metal nanoparticles for their superior catalytic activity, however, their industrial use is very restricted due to inefficient recovery leading to potential contamination of products and the environment. Immobilised nanoparticles illustrate promising results for scaling up processes, and can be successfully applied for various

A search for heavy resonances decaying into a W or Z boson and a Higgs boson produced in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at s=13 TeV is presented. The analysis utilizes the dominant W→qq¯′ or Z→qq¯ and H→bb¯ decays with substructure techniques applied to large-radius jets. A sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb-1 collected with the ATLAS detector is anal

Review of H. Schilling, Karl V. Der Kaiser dem die Welt zerbrach

Lithium depletion and enrichment in the cosmos is not yet well understood. To help tighten constraints on stellar and Galactic evolution models, we present the largest high-resolution analysis of Li abundances A(Li) to date, with results for over $100\, 000$ GALAH (Galactic Archeology with HERMES) field stars spanning effective temperatures $5900\, \mathrm{K} \lesssim T_{\mathrm{eff}}\lesssim 7000

Multiplicity and pseudorapidity (η) density (dN ch/dη) distributions of charged hadrons provide key information towards understanding the particle production mechanisms and initial conditions of high-energy heavy-ion collisions. However, detector constraints limit the η-range across which charged particle measurements can be carried out. Extrapolating the measured distributions to large η-range by

Introduction Interstitial lung diseases are characterised by scarring of lung tissue that leads to reduced transfer of oxygen into the blood, decreased exercise capacity and premature death. Ambulatory oxygen therapy may be used to treat exertional oxyhaemoglobin desaturation, but there is little evidence to support its efficacy and there is wide variation in clinical practice. This study aims to

Objectives Study the proportion of patients affected by involuntary childlessness who are denied fertility treatment and the reasons behind this in a publicly funded healthcare system. Design Survey study using prospectively collected information by healthcare professionals. Setting Two university-affiliated fertility clinics in Sweden. Participants Single women and couples in heterosexual and hom

Trait disinhibition may function as a dispositional liability toward maladaptive behaviors relevant in the treatment of mentally disordered offenders (MDOs). Reduced amplitude and prolonged latency of the NoGo N2 and P3 event-related potentials have emerged as promising candidates for transdiagnostic, biobehavioral markers of trait disinhibition, yet no study has specifically investigated these tw

The Younger Dryas (YD) was a period of rapid climate cooling that occurred at the end of the last glaciation. Here, we present the first palaeoglacier-derived reconstruction of YD precipitation across Europe, determined from 122 reconstructed glaciers and proxy atmospheric temperatures. Positive precipitation anomalies (YD versus modern) are found along much of the western seaboard of Europe and a

Reinforcement learning systems usually assume that a value function is defined over all states (or state-action pairs) that can immediately give the value of a particular state or action. These values are used by a selection mechanism to decide which action to take. In contrast, when humans and animals make decisions, they collect evidence for different alternatives over time and take action only

The processes that shape the extended atmospheres of red supergiants, heat their chromospheres, create molecular reservoirs, drive mass loss, and create dust remain poorly understood. Betelgeuse's V-band "Great Dimming"event of 2019 September/2020 February and its subsequent rapid brightening provides a rare opportunity to study these phenomena. Two different explanations have emerged to explain t

One of the major features of prostate cancer (PCa) is its heterogeneity, which often leads to uncertainty in cancer diagnostics and unnecessary biopsies as well as overtreatment of the disease. Novel non-invasive tests using multiple biomarkers that can identify clinically high-risk cancer patients for immediate treatment and monitor patients with low-risk cancer for active surveillance are urgent

Surface guided radiotherapy (SGRT) is becoming a routine tool for patient positioning for specific clinical sites in many clinics. However, it has not yet gained its full potential in terms of widespread adoption. This vision paper first examines some of the difficulties in transitioning to SGRT before exploring the current and future role of SGRT alongside and in concert with other imaging techni