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Background: Familial clustering of initial primary lung cancer (IPLC) may be related to shared smoking habits, other environmental exposures and hereditary factors, but whether familial risk also influences the risk of second primary LC (SPLC) is not well known. We aimed to carry out a family study between first-degree relatives on SPLCs in Sweden. Methods: Population data on Swedish family relati
Disinformation is growing rapidly on social media, driven by evolving tactics. Meanwhile, the shift towards community-based fact-checking has raised concerns among fact-checking organizations. This study aims to explore fact-checkers’ perceptions of changes in social media governance models to counter disinformation. Based on qualitative interviews with European fact-checkers, the study reveals th
Planetary materials show systematic variations in their nucleosynthetic isotope compositions that resonate with orbital distance. The origin of this pattern remains debated, limiting how these isotopic signatures can be used to trace the precursors of terrestrial planets. Here we test the hypothesis that interstellar ices carried supernova-produced nuclides by searching for a supernova nucleosynth
The High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP) formed in the circum-Arctic during the Cretaceous. The timing and duration of emplacement of these mafic magmas are important for understanding the climatic and environmental effects, yet many uncertainties remain. The dating methods used vary greatly between different regions. For example, the mafic intrusions in Svalbard have mainly been dated using
In optical genome mapping (OGM), large numbers of individual DNA maps—sequence-specific data series along single DNA molecules—are produced. Such individual maps have to be stitched together in a process called de novo OGM assembly in order to create consensus OGM maps for corresponding regions along the chromosomes. While there are several types of experimental OGM assays, not all of them have de
Background: Several case reports have recounted hiccups as a possible symptom of cancer, but potential associations in large study samples have not been examined. Methods: This population-based cohort study examined associations between hiccups and subsequent cancer diagnoses. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: Of 8466 patients diagnos
Extensive genetic and epigenetic variegation has been demonstrated in many malignancies. Importantly, their interplay has the potential to contribute to disease progression and treatment resistance. To shed light on the complex relationships between these different sources of intra-tumour heterogeneity, we explored their relative contributions to the evolutionary dynamics of Acute Lymphoblastic Le
Older adults are often portrayed as unwilling or unable to address quality issues in the formal care they receive. This study explores a methodology that captures the everyday reactions of older care users to quality problems, offering a nuanced understanding of their voice and agency when dissatisfied with care services. Using a telephone diary method, eight care users were contacted twice a week
Background: Acute aortic syndrome (AAS) is a life-threatening condition reported as often misdiagnosed. Advancements in CT availability and diagnostic algorithms, including high-sensitivity troponin and D-dimer for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and pulmonary embolism (PE), may reduce AAS misdiagnosis, but the impact remains unclear. This study evaluated the incidence, characteristics, and clinical
Memory decline is a central cognitive symptom in Parkinson’s Disease (PD). While task-fMRI studies link hippocampal activity (AHA) to poorer memory and olfactory performance, this relationship during rest remains understudied. The objectives of this study are to examine differences in resting-state hippocampal networks, explore the occurrence of reduced AHA within these networks, and investigate i
Background: Detecting and monitoring monoclonal free light immunoglobulin chains in serum is important for managing patients with B-cell neoplasms. Established methods have relied on immunochemistry, with monoclonality determined through an abnormal ratio of free kappa and lambda chains and an increased concentration of the involved chain. This indirect approach has limitations. Mass spectrometric
This paper engages with the concept of periphery, as presented in Tamsma’s classic paper (1972), and reflects upon what has (or has not) changed in our approach to studying peripheries within regional economic geography over the past fifty or so years. In addition to providing reflections across time, it discusses the situation that Tamsma introduces the Netherlands periphery (the North) from the
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences comprising around 50% of human DNA. TEs shape gene regulatory networks in development, pluripotency and inflammation, and are implicated in a number of neurological disorders. Therefore, TEs are tightly controlled by epigenetic regulators which form a complex repressive network throughout different stages of development. However, while the r
Purpose: To explore the association of frailty with mortality, functional outcome, and health status after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.Methods: This is a cohort-based secondary analysis of the Targeted Hypothermia versus Targeted Normothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial, an international, prospective, multicentre study. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty ScalePurpose: To explore the association of frailty with mortality, functional outcome, and health status after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.Methods: This is a cohort-based secondary analysis of the Targeted Hypothermia versus Targeted Normothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial, an international, prospective, multicentre study. Frailty was assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale
Background: Plasma phosphorylated tau217 (p-tau217) is a robust biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, its full potential as a dynamic marker has still not been verified in very old persons, i.e., those with the highest incidence of AD. Objective: To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between plasma p-tau217 concentration and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD b
Background: Having overweight is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for poor breast cancer (BC) outcomes. Previous studies have linked high body mass index (BMI) to an increased risk of recurrence and higher mortality. While most research has focused on patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, this study examines the impact of overweight on recurrence-free survival (RFS) in BC patients t
Background: Pain in childhood is common, but there is an information gap on initial care seeking. Our aim was to determine trends and variations in the consultation prevalence and incidence of musculoskeletal pain, and most common sites of pain, in children and young people presenting to UK primary care. Methods: A national UK primary care database (CPRD Aurum) was used to determine annual prevale
Abstract in Serbian:авне библиотеке све више се препознају не само као местаза приступ књигама и информацијама, већ и као битне друштвене ин-фраструктуре у којима је брига саставни део рада библиотекара. Ипак, начини на које библиотекари практикују бригу остају недовољно истра-жени и недефинисани. Стога овај рад, кроз теоријску призму друштвеног инфраструктурног деловања (друштвеног инфраструктури
Autoimmune diseases occur due to the abnormal response of the adaptive immune system towards the body's tissues, recognizing them as foreign and leading to chronic inflammation and harm to the tissues. Toxicologists and other scientists believe that factors such as genes, surroundings, and lifestyle can make autoimmune diseases more likely. Xenobiotics, such as chemical pollutants, drugs, microbes
BACKGROUND: A child with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has a diet so limited that it leads to medical, nutritional, and/or psychosocial problems. ARFID affects both children and their families, often causing parents to feel anxious and isolated. This study aimed to explore the experiences of Swedish parents raising a child with ARFID.METHOD: Data were generated through semi-str
