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A novel method for detection of reducing ends of sugars is proposed, based on the use of Fe(CN)(6)(3-) as the oxidant in combination with amperometric detection and flow injection analysis (FIA). The method is very sensitive, giving values of < 10 mu M for the limit of detection for a series of mono- and oligosaccharides. Samples can be analysed every 30 s, and injection can be made fully automate

The traditional methods of measuring viscosity with rotational viscometers, i.e. cone-plate and concentric cylinder systems, are often not suitable for suspensions. To be able to measure viscosity on suspensions mixer viscometers have been developed. In this study a new design of a helical ribbon impeller has been evaluated and the Metzner-Otto approach has been used to calibrate the impeller. Dif

Non-endocrine events represent a heterogeneous group of complications occurring in children who survive long term after haematopoietic SCT. This review highlights the late sequel in a growing child. The preparative regimen itself with high-dose chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (TBI) or the treatment given before the transplant procedure may cause organ damage with permanent sequel. Immune reconsti

OBJECTIVES To compare the efficacy of tolterodine plus simplified bladder training (BT) with tolterodine alone in patients with an overactive bladder. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a multicentre, single-blind study at 51 Scandinavian centres, 505 patients aged >= 18 years with symptoms of urinary frequency (>= 8 micturitions/24 h) and urgency, with or without urge incontinence, were randomized to ora

Path restoration (PR) is one of the basic mechanisms for securing telecommunication networks against failures. In the paper, we discuss the complexity of certain variants of a multi-commodity flow network optimisation problem in directed graphs related to state-independent path restoration mechanisms. We demonstrate that most variants of the considered problem are NP-hard. Depending on the variant

This paper presents data on an extensive late Holocene advance of Kotlujokull, a southeastern outlet glacier from the ice cap Myrdalsjokull, central south Iceland. During the advance, basal till was deposited on top of a volcanic ash layer resting on lava hummocks. Remnants of this landscape are now seen 3.5-5.5 km in front of Kotlujokull as a fragment surrounded by the Myrdalssandur. Electron mic

Methods for measuring toxicity or respiratory activity of microbial cultures can be used as tools for assessing the presence of chemicals and their impact on the streams. The proposed toxicity test is based on the respirometric characteristics of the bacteria according to the principals of Biolog's microplate system. As the microorganism are utilizing the carbon source (peptone), the reduction of

In this work we have further characterized the first mitochondrial nucleoside diphosphate kinase (mtNDPK) isolated from plants. The mitochondrial isoform was found to be especially abundant in reproductive and young tissues. Expression of the pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Oregon sugarpod) mtNDPK was not affected by different stress conditions. However, the pea mtNDPK was found to interact with a novel

In this article, we explore marital exogamy ( especially intermarriage between immigrants and natives) among 39 different immigrant groups using cross-sectional registry data for the total immigrant populations in Sweden in 2003. Immigrants who are better educated, who spend a longer time in Sweden before marriage and live outside the bigger cities are more likely to be married to natives. Control

Buprenorphine misuse by injecting drug users was assessed in a survey of 350 needle exchangers, either amphetamine (57%) or heroin users (42%). 89% of heroin users and 24% of amphetamine users reported using buprenorphine at some time during the previous year. Most users reported illicit acquisition. Among illicit users, 87% of heroin users reported intake for withdrawal treatment or self-detoxifi

The spin and orbital moments of Au/Co/Au trilayers grown on a W(110) single crystal substrate have been investigated by means of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Our findings suggest that the orbital moment of Co does not obtain a maximum value along the easy axis, in contrast with previous experience. This is attributed to the large spin-orbit interaction within the Au caps. Both second order p

Methods currently used for surface display on insect cells and budded baculovirus, all utilize the sequences from class I transmembrane proteins. This gives rise to some problems when handling unknown genes or cDNAs encoding full-length proteins. First, the stop codon from the cloned gene will be located upstream of the sequence for the transmembrane region. Second, the chance of getting the seque

Exposure to exogenous (oral contraceptives, postmenopausal hormone therapy) and endogenous (number of ovulatory cycles, adiposity) steroid hormones is associated with breast cancer risk. Breast cancer risk associated with these exposures could hypothetically be modified by genes in the steroid hormone synthesis, metabolism and signaling pathways. Estrogen receptors are the first step along the pat

Previous studies on wake flow visualization of live animals using DPIV have typically used low repetition rate lasers and 2D imaging. Repetition rates of around 10 Hz allow similar to 1 image per wingbeat in small birds and bats, and even fewer in insects. To accumulate data representing an entire wingbeat therefore requires the stitching-together of images captured from different wingbeats, and a