Data-driven software is becoming prevalent, especially with the advent of machine learning and artificial intelligence. With data-driven systems come both challenges - to keep collecting and maintaining high quality data - and opportunities - open innovation by sharing data with others. We propose Open Data Collaboration (ODC) to describe pecuniary and non-pecuniary sharing of open data, similar t

This paper reports the results of a choice experiment designed to estimate the private welfare costs of stay-at-home policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study is conducted on a large and representative sample of the Swedish population. The results suggest that the welfare cost of a one-month stay-at-home policy, restricting non-working hours away from home, amounts to 9.1 percent of Sweden'

There is a growing body of literature investigating if and how monetary policy impacts income inequality. Labor unions are generally found to mitigate income inequality and recent literature highlights that changing labor mar- ket structures, such as de-unionization, may be important for monetary pol- icy. This paper tests whether labor unions influence the impact of monetary shocks on income ineq

The Swedish policy response to covid-19 stands out as exceptional in international comparisons. The approach adopted is fundamentally determined by the Swedish constitution. Three articles of the constitution are central for this explanation. The first one guarantees the freedom of movement for Swedish citizens, thus ruling out the use of nation-wide lockdowns as an instrument in peacetime. The se

Three new for science genera, i.e.: Erichansenia S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt et A. Thell for the ‘Caloplaca’ epithallina group of the subfamily Xanthorioideae, as well as Lendemeriella S. Y. Kondr. for the Caloplaca reptans group, and Pisutiella S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et E. Farkas for the Caloplaca conversa group of the subfamily Caloplacoideae of the Teloschistaceae, are described on the basis of res

Microplastics have recently become a growing environmental issue, whereas the smaller fractions, nanoplastics, have received less attention. Due to their small size, nanoplastics may affect organisms differently and potentially more severely than larger microplastics. In natural environments nanoplastics also interact with organic material and form larger aggregates, which may, potentially, reduce

We have used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to characterise the chemical and structural composition of the tendons of the rotator cuff and to identify structural differences among anatomically distinct tears. Such information may help to identify biomarkers of tears and to provide insight into the rates of healing of different sizes of tear. The infrared spectra of 81 partial, smal

It has been proved that time-resolved total reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy is a useful tool for investigating acetic acid diffusion in silk fibroin film and conformational transition of silk fibroin. Acetic acid could induce the construction of highly dominating content of β-sheet conformation in the silk fibroin film, in addition, the kinetic curve of organic solvent diffusion was similar to that

Rwanda has undertaken a land registration and titling program since 2008 with a registration of 10.3 million land parcels in 2013. The aim of this paper is to investigate the early effects of the program on tenure security and agricultural investments since few studies have been carried out in this research area. The study was undertaken in Musanze district in Northern Rwanda, with specific focus

A key feature of silk fibres is the carefully controlled assembly and directed growth that produce hierarchical structures at all length scales. The final result is a material of outstanding strength, functional flexibility and often with self-healing properties. Some salient results in silk research are reviewed to identify the fundamental ‘bio-principles’ that make silk a remarkable system to st

Background: Up to one third of adults have been estimated to have rotator cuff tendon (RCT) tears. Larger RCT tears are associated with poorer scores and function, and are more likely to re-rupture after surgical repairs, hence there is a need for earlier identification and treatment. The aim of this study was to identify biomarkers of RCT tear pathologies to aid accurate identification and monito

BackgroundRotator cuff tears pose a huge socioeconomic burden. Our study uses Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as it is a quick, non-manipulative and non-destructive test, which can identify a wide range of chemical targets from small intraoperatively obtained specimens. The aim of this study was (i) to characterise the chemical and structural composition of rotator cuff tendons and

At the heart of protein's aggregation are specific molecular events; and how they are modulated by changes in solvent conditions and temperature is key to our understanding and control of aggregation. A certain class of structural fibrous proteins may provide the answer. Indeed, spider silk and silkworm silk proteins have evolved to readily form ‘insoluble’ ordered structures. But, to date little

This article aims to offer an overview of the rise, growth and diversification of academic music research in Sweden. ‘Research in music’ is suggested as a comprehensive term, covering all kinds of research relating to music.In 1915 the Swedish University Chancellor’s office established a syllabus for ‘music history and theory’ at Lund University. The syllabus was initiated by Tobias Norlind, and i

BACKGROUND: Across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), one in ten deaths in children younger than 5 years is attributable to diarrhoea. The substantial between-country variation in both diarrhoea incidence and mortality is attributable to interventions that protect children, prevent infection, and treat disease. Identifying subnational regions with the highest burden and mapping associ

5G promises to usher in the industrial 4.0 era. In that era, intricately managed autonomous industrial sites with for example remotely controller equipment and autonomous units promise previously unseen levels of efficiency. Although such scenarios are elusive, they come with strict long-since established safety requirements. To uphold such requirements, intelligent industrial 5G networks, that ac

Currently there is an ongoing push towards a circular economy. Governments, the EU, green NGOs, think-tanks, companies and their industry organizations are all advocating more circular solutions meaning that the current linear take-make-use-lose model of consumption should be replaced with a reuse-repair-recycle circular model. The circular economy is being heralded as one of the main, if not the

Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in electrical equipment and a range of construction materials. Although banned in the United States and most of Europe in the 1970s, they are highly persistent in the environment and bioaccumulate. Whether PCBs are associated with liver cancer risk at general population levels is unknown. Methods: This study consisted of 136 incident liver can