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The complex orography of the Tibetan plateau (TP) and the scarcity and uneven spatial distribution of meteorological stations present significant challenges in accurately estimating meteorological variables for hydrological simulations. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of daily precipitation and temperature interpolation for hydrological simulations in the Lhasa River Basin (LRB), particula

Mount Fuji, the iconic mountain of Japan, remains a young and frequently active volcano. However, despite these dangers, people have continuously lived in the landscapes surrounding Mount Fuji since the peopling of the Japanese Archipelago, approximately 38ka. In this paper we explore the geological history of Mount Fuji and use a landscape archaeology approach to reconstruct how Jomon communities

With Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3), new and improved astrometric, photometric, and spectroscopic measurements for 1.8 billion stars have become available. Alongside this wealth of new data, however, there are challenges in finding efficient and accurate computational methods for their analysis. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of using machine learning regression as a method of extracting bas

The application of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) in aviation industry has emerged as a key strategy for reducing the net carbon oxide (CO2) emissions while minimizing modifications to the current aircraft and engine systems. SAFs, which are derived from sustainable feedstocks through biological, thermal and chemical (or their combinations) conversion pathways, can be used in current aero engin

The robustness of deep neural networks is an increasingly essential issue as they become more and more prevalent in several real-world applications like autonomous vehicles. If traffic signs turn to adversarial examples, an autonomous vehicle will probably be misled and cause fatal accidents. To improve adversarial robustness, a new cost function for training convolutional neural recognition netwo

Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) and chronic tic disorder (CTD) may be associated with an increased risk of mortality, but specific causes of death are poorly understood. Objectives: In this matched cohort and sibling cohort study, we estimated the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with TS/CTD, compared with unaffected matched individuals and unaffected full siblings.

Although deep neural networks (DNNs) are high-performance methods for various complex tasks, e.g., environment perception in automated vehicles (AVs), they are vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. Recent works have proven the existence of universal adversarial perturbations (UAPs), which, when added to most images, destroy the output of the respective perception function. Existing attack metho

Introduction: The 2024 ISTH clinical practice guideline (CPG) for treatment of congenital haemophilia, the NBDF-McMaster Guideline on Care Models for Haemophilia Management, and ASH ISTH NBDF WFH guidelines on the diagnosis and management of VWD all utilised GRADE methodology. Aim: Discuss missed opportunities and the methodological approach of the ISTH Guideline in contrast to how GRADE was previ

This study delves into the pressing issue of promoting sustainable tourist behavior in vulnerable heritage villages that are under threat from mass tourism. By employing the Theory of Planned Behavior, we conducted a survey of 406 domestic tourists in Abyaneh, Iran, to evaluate the influence of attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms on environmentally responsible intentions.

In recent years, eco-certification has become an important market feature for aquaculture products, with several labels available for producers who want to signal sustainable or responsible production practices. In this study, the literature on the economic effects of eco-certification of aquaculture is reviewed to summarize the current state of knowledge and identify research gaps. The literature

Background: Emerging data suggest a complex pathophysiology of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) to which an inflammatory response might contribute. The complement system is activated in acute traumatic setting, although its role in CSDH is unknown. To investigate the complement system in CSDH pathophysiology, we analyzed blood and hematoma fluid biomarkers, as well as immunohistochemistry of the C

The FIRE21 Final Report examines problem-solving networks within Nordic Fire and Rescue Services (FRS) in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, addressing challenges posed by climate change, technological advancements, and evolving risk landscapes. Through case studies, risk assessments, and theoretical analyses, the project identifies key organizational and individual qualities required for effective emer

In sub-Saharan Africa, more than a quarter of the urban population lives in small towns, with rapid lower level urbanisation being driven largely by lacking rural opportunities. A growing interest in translocality considers relationships that position livelihoods within multiple spatial contexts. Terms of inclusion in translocal relationships vary, and the socio-economic differentiation emerging o

Drawing on modelling of age at death in skeletal remains, this article unveils hitherto unrecognized demographic patterns in the Nordic Corded Ware complex. This population formed part of the European Corded Ware complex that has been linked to disruption observed in the archaeological and genetic record. The newly developed methods of transition analysis 3 (TA3) and death rate ratio (DRR) were usDrawing on modelling of age at death in skeletal remains, this article unveils hitherto unrecognized demographic patterns in the Nordic Corded Ware complex. This population formed part of the European Corded Ware complex that has been linked to disruption observed in the archaeological and genetic record. The newly developed methods of transition analysis 3 (TA3) and death rate ratio (DRR) were us

Deep neural networks tend to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations, which by adding to a natural image can fool a respective model with high confidence. Recently, the existence of image-agnostic perturbations, also known as universal adversarial perturbations (UAPs), were discovered. However, existing UAPs still lack a sufficiently high fooling rate, when being applied to an unknown target mo

Recent advances in artificial intelligence have increased the importance of security issues. Nowadays, deep neural networks (DNNs) are used in many critical applications such as pilot drones and self-driving cars. So, the DNN's malfunction, due to an attack, may cause irreparable damages. The attack may happen either in training phase (poisoning attacks) or testing phase (evasion attacks) by prese