To fulfill the increasing demand for high-speed electronics used for computation or communication is one everlasting challenge for the semiconductor industry. Emerging fields such as quantum computation also has a need for circuits operating at cryogenic temperatures. The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is the main component in modern electronics, traditionally fabricate

Climbing fibers, which originate in the inferior olive and project to Purkinje cells and Golgi cells in the cerebellar cortex, were activated at low (0.4-Hz) and high (4-Hz) frequencies by peri-orbital stimulation in decerebrate ferrets. Climbing fiber responses were recorded as field potentials from the c3 zone of the cerebellar surface. When periorbital stimulation was applied at high frequency,

The aim of these experiments was to obtain a detailed knowledge of how the orbicularis oculi muscle is activated during the execution of a conditioned eyeblink response (CR). This is the first critical step to understand the underlying neural mechanisms involved in the control of the CR. Decerebrate ferrets were trained in a classical conditioning paradigm. The conditioned stimulus (CS) was a trai

To study the role of the mossy fiber afferents to the cerebellum in classical eye-blink conditioning, in particular the timing of the conditioned responses, we compared the effects of varying a peripheral conditioned stimulus with the effects of corresponding variations of direct stimulation of the mossy fibers. In one set of experiments, decerebrate ferrets were trained in a Pavlovian eye-blink c

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by vasoconstriction and remodeling of the pulmonary vessels. Risk stratification in PAH could potentially be improved by including novel biomarkers related to PAH pathobiology. We aimed to investigate the relationship between extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins, survival, and European Society of Cardiology an

A new laboratory reactor to perform in situ studies of structural changes in wood during soda pulping using synchrotron X-ray tomography is presented. The reactor is of recirculation type to provide stable reaction conditions and mimic the industrial situation. Experiments have been performed using this reactor in situ at a synchrotron microtomography beamline to provide sequences of 3D images fro

Smart vision sensor systems enable many computer vision applications such as autonomous drones and wearable devices. These battery-powered gadgets have very stringent power consumption requirements. Close-to-sensor feature extraction compressing the full image into descriptive keypoints, is crucial as it allows for several design optimizations. First, the amount of necessary on-chip memory can be

Background: Using genetically modified plants as natural dispensers of insect pheromones may eventually become part of a novel strategy for integrated pest management. Results: In the present study, we first characterized essential functional genes for sex pheromone biosynthesis in the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis (Walker) by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Nicotiana

Objective: Previous research has suggested an association between physical activity (PA), joint function, and molecular biomarkers, but more studies are needed. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between PA or self-reported joint function and molecular biomarkers of cartilage and inflammation in individuals with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (OA). Specific objectives were to ex

The bioactivity, biological fate and cytotoxicity of nanomaterials when they come into contact with living organisms are determined by their interaction with biomacromolecules and biological barriers. In this context, the role of symmetry/shape anisotropy of both the nanomaterials and biological interfaces in their mutual interaction, is a relatively unaddressed issue. Here, we study the interacti

In the Ordovician limestone of the Thorsberg quarry (South Sweden), about 130 meteorites have been found. Among the extraterrestrial material, several terrestrial Cr-spinels and zircons have been found too. In particular, in the interval 416–447 cm above the Arkeologen bed, terrestrial Cr-spinels, compositionally different from previous studied Cr-spinels of the same sequence, are present. Previou

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) from grain legumes is of significant importance in global agricultural ecosystems. Crops with BNF capability are expected to support the need to increase food production while reducing nitrogen (N) fertilizer input for agricultural sustainability, but quantification of N fixing rates and BNF crop yields remains inadequate on a global scale. Here we incorporate tw

Various strategies are being suggested to solve the challenges in the food system, such as changing the source of nutrients, including the use of non-traditional food sources such as insects. Although insects are promoted as a cheap and sustainable source of protein, consumers are reluctant to eat them. The mycoproteins produced by fungi, on the other hand, are very well received and appreciated b

Background: In clinic, a subjective visual estimation of a patient’s general health often guides interventions, yet little is known of how this assessment relates to objectively measured frailty. Aims: To characterize the relationship between these two assessments and explore the implication of discordance. Methods: The study was performed in the OPRA cohort of 75-year old community-dwelling women

Avhandlingens titel: ”Assessment of the right heart in pulmonary hypertension”Målet med avhandlingen var att undersöka de högersidiga hjärtrummens storlek ochfunktion hos patienter med förhöjt tryck i lungkretsloppet, pulmonell hypertension(PH). Detta utfördes i huvudsak med hjärtultraljud (ekokardiografi), men undersök -ningsmodaliteterna magnetkameraundersökning av hjärtat (MR) och högersidighjä

This year marks the inauguration of the annual Editors’ Choice Award and the Readers’ Choice Award, each presented for outstanding original papers and review articles published in the Journal of Comparative Physiology A. The winners of the 2022 Editors’ Choice Award were determined by vote of the Editorial Board for the most highly recommended papers published in Volume 207 in 2021. They are ‘Visu

Strontium titanate (STO), with a wide spectrum of emergent properties such as ferroelectricity and superconductivity, has received significant attention in the community of strongly correlated materials. In the strain-free STO film grown on the SrRuO3 buffer layer, the existing polar nanoregions can facilitate room-temperature ferroelectricity when the STO film thickness approaches 10 nm. Here we