Filtyp
Forest wind damage models are typically based on the assumption that windstorm damage results from the interaction between horizontal wind forces and forest stand properties. In complex terrain, mountain waves caused by stably stratified air flowing over mountains can generate standing waves and severe downslope windstorms on the leeward side. Using the windstorm of 19 November 2021 in a mountain
Turning sustainable is one of the largest challenges facing the aviation sector. Switching to sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) instead of fossil fuels is a large piece of the sustainability puzzle, but there is no current SAF that is approved as a stand alone fuel. The road to a stand alone SAF is long and requires more diverse biofuels as well as more research on how biofuels combust. This thesis
BackgroundDepression in older adults poses significant health challenges, yet the protective role of positive affect remains understudied. This research examined the complex network of positive affect and depression in older adults using advanced network analysis techniques to identify potential targets for intervention.MethodsBayesian Gaussian Graphical Models and Directed Acyclic Graph modelling
Background There is limited knowledge on whether prior knee surgery impacts the clinical profile and treatment outcomes for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Objectives The study aimed to (i) compare individual and clinical characteristics, and (ii) evaluate whether outcomes of first-line treatment differ between individuals with prior knee surgery and those without. Methods This study us
BackgroundObsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) often emerge during childhood and adolescence, and two aetiological models have been proposed. According to the first model, maladaptive cognitive beliefs facilitate the transformation of transient intrusive thoughts into OCS. The second model suggests that dysfunctional cognitive beliefs develop in response to increased levels of OCS. Few studies have
Medical, neurological, and substance use disorders constitute a major disease burden worldwide, but especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where more than 80% of affected persons are unable to receive evidence-supported treatments despite these being widely available in theory. This persistent mental health treatment gap in LMICs is traceable to the very nature of such nations: low
Global health is a multidisciplinary field focused on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic left a profound and lasting impact on global mental health, triggering a surge in anxiety, depression, and stress-related disorders across all age groups and regions. As the world transitions into the post-COVID period, mental health has emerged as a
This paper reflects on the challenges and opportunities of academic freedom monitoring from an advocacy perspective. Based on the review of two existing academic freedom indexes and the author's experience building scientific freedom indicators, the paper discusses three challenges: conceptual, methodological, and political. The conceptual challenges are of four kinds: undertheorization, complexit
Excited states in the proton drip line nucleus 61Ga were populated via the fusion-evaporation reaction 24Mg(40Ca,p2n)61Ga. The experimental setup at Argonne National Laboratory comprised a novel combination of the Gammasphere array with two CD-shaped double-sided Si-strip detectors inside the Microball CsI(Tl) charged-particle detection array, as well as the Neutron-Shell liquid scintillators and
BACKGROUND: GP recruitment and retention difficulties challenge the traditional general practice model. Task-shifting and relieving GPs from financial risk have been suggested to make primary care more attractive. In Sweden's multiprofessional team-based primary care system, GPs usually work as salaried employees and there is extensive task-shifting. Salaried employment facilitates mobility, poten
Iron (Fe) concentrations are increasing in lakes on a wide geographical scale, contributing to recent browning of lake waters. As available time series on lake-water Fe concentrations are relatively short, covering the past few decades only, varved lake sediments may provide extended and precisely dated records to study temporal Fe dynamics in lakes in response to environmental drivers, such as ch
The mental health of the health workforce has been receiving more attention, especially since the pandemic. Levels of burnout, moral injury, and mental disorders, including suicide, among physicians are cause for concern. Healthcare leadership in workplaces plays a crucial role in addressing this important issue, which is also related to the ability to attract and retain physicians. This chapter p
Importance: General practitioners (GPs) sometimes initiate a treatment despite not expecting it to improve patients' symptoms by any physiological mechanism. These essentially placebo treatments are ethically controversial, and their frequency is unclear. They involve risks for patients, but to estimate these, more data are needed. Objective: To develop a more precise overview of the rate at which
A majority of all infectious diseases manifest some climate-sensitivity. However, many of those sensitivities are not well understood as meteorological drivers of infectious diseases co-occur with other drivers exhibiting complex non-linear influences and feedback. This makes it hard to dissect their individual contributions. Here we apply a novel deep learning Explainable AI (XAI) compartment mod
It is a continued open question how there can be an azimuthal anisotropy of high p⊥ particles quantified by a sizable v2 in p+Pb collisions when, at the same time, the nuclear modification factor RAA is consistent with unity. We address this puzzle within the framework of the jet quenching model Jewel. In the absence of reliable medium models for small collision systems we use the number of scatte
INTRODUCTION: Social prescribing (SP) is an innovative model that connects individuals to non-clinical community resources. However, its uptake and evaluation have been hindered by inconsistent role definitions for key stakeholders. Although recent studies have refined SP definitions, outside the UK, the responsibilities, educational backgrounds and training requirements of social prescribing link
Highlights: What are the main findings? Health for adolescents with depression was described in terms of managing everyday life, building confidence and trust, experiencing joy in life, and supporting well-being. These aspects reflect how health can be understood through daily routines, relationships, emotional experiences, and lifestyle habits. What is the implication of the main finding? The fin
This study examines the impact of grammatical gender on memory recall among simultaneous bilinguals with two three-gendered languages (Ukrainian and Russian). Ukrainian-Russian bilinguals and English monolingual controls were tested on their ability to remember names assigned to objects with either matching or mismatching grammatical genders across their two languages. Results showed that bilingua
Background: The long-term impact of asthma on mortality remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess mortality and its predictors over 26 years in asthmatic participants compared to those with or without other respiratory symptoms. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included participants recruited from the general Swedish population, followed from 1990 to 2016. The younger (30–39 years, n =
