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Indicated efficiency optimization by in-cycle closed-loop combustion control of diesel engines

This paper revises the design process for closed-loop combustion control based on in-cycle feedback. Methods for the necessary observers, detectors and virtual sensors are also discussed. The control problem tackles the indicated efficiency optimization, following two approaches, direct and indirect optimization. The argumentation provides a comprehensive overview on how to specify and integrate d

The effects of glycols on molecular mobility, structure, and permeability in stratum corneum

The skin provides an attractive alternative to the conventional drug administration routes. Still, it comes with challenges as the upper layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), provides an efficient barrier against permeation of most compounds. One way to overcome the skin barrier is to apply chemical permeation enhancers, which can modify the SC structure. In this paper, we investigated the

Centering Gender in Public Diplomacy and Nation Branding: An Invitation to Reimagine the Future of the Field

Inspired by feminist thought, this special issue aims to disturb conventional ways of thinking about public diplomacy and nation branding as “soft power” tools of the state. A feminist rethinking of the soft/hard power metaphor reveals its implicit masculinist logic and invites a critical exploration of the gendering of geopolitical contestations. This issue takes one step in addressing this gap a

Enantiomeric Discrimination in Insects : The Role of OBPs and ORs

Olfaction is a complex recognition process that is critical for chemical communication in insects. Though some insect species are capable of discrimination between compounds that are structurally similar, little is understood about how this high level of discrimination arises. Some insects rely on discriminating between enantiomers of a compound, demonstrating an ability for highly selective recog

Data-driven subgroups of type 2 diabetes, metabolic response, and renal risk profile after bariatric surgery : a retrospective cohort study

Background: A novel data-driven classification of type 2 diabetes has been proposed to personalise anti-diabetic treatment according to phenotype. One subgroup, severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD), is characterised by mild hyperglycaemia but marked hyperinsulinaemia, and presents an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy. We hypothesised that patients with SIRD could particularly benefit from

Use of intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurements during parathyroidectomy to predict postoperative parathyroid hormone levels in patients with renal hyperparathyroidism : meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Several studies have reported on the use of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) measurements during parathyroidectomy (PTX) for renal hyperparathyroidism (rHPT), but there is no consensus on whether it is helpful and, if so, what protocol should be used. Therefore, the literature was systematically reviewed to assess a correlation between ioPTH and early postoperative parathyroi

Identification of myocardial injury using perioperative troponin surveillance in major noncardiac surgery and net benefit over the Revised Cardiac Risk Index

Background: Patients with perioperative myocardial injury are at risk of death and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The primary aim of this study was to determine optimal thresholds of preoperative and perioperative changes in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) to predict MACCE and mortality. Methods: Prospective, observational, cohort study in patients ≥

Pseudomyxoma peritonei : A review of 62 cases

Aim: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease characterized by the abundance of mucus in the abdomen without extra-peritoneal growth. Methods: Our patients with PMP have been treated with cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy since 1996. The clinical and histopathological features of PMP and the relation of these features with disease-free interval and survival were ass

Flares after hydroxychloroquine reduction or discontinuation : results from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) inception cohort

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares following hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) reduction or discontinuation versus HCQ maintenance. METHODS: We analysed prospective data from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) cohort, enrolled from 33 sites within 15 months of SLE diagnosis and followed annually (1999-2019). We evaluated person-time contributed whi

The preAR2 region (1458–1492) in factor V-Short is crucial for the synergistic TFPIα-cofactor activity with protein S and the assembly of a trimolecular factor Xa-inhibitory complex comprising FV-Short, protein S, and TFPIα

Background: Factor V-Short (FV756-1458) is a natural splice variant in which 702 residues are deleted from the B domain. It exposes an acid region (AR2; 1493–1537) that binds tissue factor pathway inhibitor alpha (TFPIα). Protein S also interacts with TFPIα and serves as TFPIα-cofactor in factor Xa (FXa) inhibition. FV-Short and protein S function as synergistic TFPIα-cofactors in inhibition of FX

Structure and function of the radical enzyme ribonucleotide reductase

Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) catalyze all new production in nature of deoxyribonucleotides for DNA synthesis by reducing the corresponding ribonucleotides. The reaction involves the action of a radical that is produced differently for different classes of the enzyme. Class I enzymes, which are present in eukaryotes and microorganisms, use an iron center to produce a stable tyrosyl radical that

The Meridian S02E04 : The European Southern Observatory & an eathquake on the mountain

The European Southern Observatory, or ESO, is celebrating 60 years of scientific achievements in the southern hemisphere. Sweden is one of the founding members of ESO, and several astronomers from Lund have been actively involved over the years. In the fourth episode of the second season our podcast hosts, Nic Borsato and Rebecca Forsberg, invite professor emeritus Dainis Dravins to the microphone

The Meridian S02E06 : Nuclear fusion, fission & a chat with a telescope operator

Joining us on the Meridian today we have Colin Carlile, the former director of the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL). He came to Sweden to head up the Swedish bid to locate the European Spallation Source here in Lund, and after formally retireing he did a master degree in astronomy here at Lund Observatory. In this second season of the Meridian we are also bringing you some field reporting from the Nor

Nonthermal GSM RF and ELF EMF effects upon rat BBB permeability

Since the late 1980s, our group has examined the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF), including pulse-modulated waves of the type emitted by mobile phones, upon the blood-brain barrier. In more than 2,000 rats, we have repeatedly demonstrated a passage of the rats' own albumin from the blood through the brain capillaries into the surrounding brain parenchyma at SAR values dow

Impact of protease and lipase activities on quality of Swedish raw milk

An increasing demand for dairy products with long shelf-life is foreseen. A limiting factor for maintaining high quality of these products is the activity of spoilage enzymes during storage. Lipase and protease activities in Swedish raw milk at farm and dairy level were investigated, analysing milk samples from three geographical regions and two seasons. Lipase activity in milk at farm level was a

The Swedish National Pediatric Cataract Register (PECARE) : incidence and onset of postoperative glaucoma

Purpose: The aim was to report cumulative incidence and time of onset of postoperative glaucoma in a paediatric early cataract surgery cohort. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Pediatric Cataract Register (PECARE), a prospective register of Swedish cataract operations before 8 years of age. All eyes with surgery between January 2007 and December 2014 and a registered follow-up were included. C