The current study was made to develop a biosensor based on a single-chamber microbial fuel cell in which anaerobes were retained in the anode compartment separated from the cathode compartment by a proton exchange membrane. In the sensor a replaceable anaerobic consortium was used for analyzing biodegradable organic matter. The anaerobes acted as biocatalysts in oxidizing organic matter and transf

This study aimed to examine the association between the interval from ejaculation to analysis and epididymal and accessory sex gland function in relation to sperm motility. Ejaculates from 1079 men assessed for infertility were analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Biochemical markers were measured in semen to assess the function of the epididymi;s (neutral alpha-glucosidase

Objectives: To study diagnostic delay in invasive bladder cancer in a population-based material with long-term follow-up, and to evaluate whether delay in diagnosis affects the risk of bladder cancer death. Material and Methods: In a previous study, 177 patients with invasive bladder cancer (T1-T4) diagnosed in 1988 were investigated with regard to diagnostic delay. A review of all available clini

In this paper, we report the results of a systematic study of the elastic properties of nanosized single-crystal wires and beams of bcc iron. Both tensile and bending stiffnesses have been determined employing molecular statics simulations for specimens of different sizes and three different crystallographic orientations. We also analyze the influence of circular cross sections and rounded edges c

Six pigs were used to study whether the collection of shed blood by means of surgical compresses instead of suction traumatizes such blood. In an in vivo part of the study, the whole blood volume of the pigs was retransfused after treatment with citrated compresses, and in an in vitro part the blood was treated extensively with compresses and analyzed. All animals survived, with a minor fall in he

The cytogenetic, clinical, and immunologic findings ina 4-month-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are reported. The malignant lymphoblasts were characterized cytogenetically by the reciprocal translocation t(11;19)(q23;p13); immunologically by an immature pre-B-ALL phenotype. In spite of the high-risk nature of the leukemia, the patient attained complete remission relatively quickly

Objective: To examine whether smoking is a risk factor for rheumatoid nodules in early rheumatoid arthritis, and if so to determine the quantitative effect of smoking. Methods: From a cohort (n = 1589) in a structured programme for follow up of newly diagnosed cases of rheumatoid arthritis ( symptoms of swollen joints ( 12 months), 112 individuals with rheumatoid nodules at inclusion were identifi

Abstract in Norwegian Leukotriener syntetiseres fra arakidonsyre. De er potente proinflammatoriske mediatorer og bidrar til hyperreaktivitet i luftveiene. Antileukotriener er en ny gruppe medikamenter ved astma, og Zafirlukast, en leukotrienreseptorantagonist, er nå registrert for behandling av mild til moderat astma i Irland og Finland. Vi har foretatt en litteraturstudie vedrørende antileukotriLeucotrienes are synthesized from arachidonic acid. They are potent proinflammatory mediators that contribute to bronchial hyperreactivity. Antileukotrienes constitute a new group of antiasthmatic drugs. Zafirlucast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, is now registered in Ireland and Finland for the treatment of mild to moderate asthma. We have studied the literature on antileukotrienes and have f

Abstract is not available

Inactivation of the Ink4 gene locus locus on 9p comprising the tumour suppressor gene p16ink4a and its neighbours p14ARF and p15ink4b is common in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), but the prognostic significance is controversial. DNA from 230 patients was retrospectively analysed by Southern blotting, single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing techniques. The resul

In recent years, the growing scientific interest in design has led to great advances in our knowledge of authentic design processes. However, as these findings go counter to the existing theories in both design research and cognitive science, they pose a serious challenge for both disciplines: there is a wide gap between what the existing theories predict and what designers actually do. At the sa

PURPOSE. To study the possible involvement of the rod (SLC24A1) and cone (SLC24A2) Na-Ca+K exchanger (NCKX) genes in retinal diseases. METHODS. DNA was collected from unrelated patients with retinal disease, mainly from North America. A human genomic library was screened with the cone NCKX cDNA, and hybridizing clones were sequenced to determine the genomic organization of the SLC24A2 gene. The si

High-pressure investigations of titanium pyrophosphate, TiP2O7, in diamond anvil cell have been performed at room temperature using in situ Raman scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The endeavor was to acquire information on pressure-induced structural transformations such as phase transitions and amorphization occurring in the crystal lattice. The pressure-stimulated al

The present study deals with free play in preeschool. The purpose is to investigate the way children conceptualize play, and the significance of play in preeschool activities. The latter has been illuminated through an analysis of normative documents, and vatious methods have been worked out that show how the possibilities of play can be made use in preschool. Group interviews with children betwee