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Socioeconomic Predictors of the Employment of Migrant Care Workers by Italian Families Assisting Older Alzheimer's Disease Patients : Evidence from the Up-Tech Study

Background: The availability of family caregivers of older people is decreasing in Italy as the number of migrant care workers (MCWs) hired by families increases. There is little evidence on the influence of socioeconomic factors in the employment of MCWs. Method: We analyzed baseline data from 438 older people with moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), and their family caregivers enrolled in the Up-

Production of hyperpolarized [1,4-13C2]malate from [1,4-13C2]fumarate is a marker of cell necrosis and treatment response in tumors

Dynamic nuclear polarization of (13)C-labeled cell substrates has been shown to massively increase their sensitivity to detection in NMR experiments. The sensitivity gain is sufficiently large that if these polarized molecules are injected intravenously, their spatial distribution and subsequent conversion into other cell metabolites can be imaged. We have used this method to image the conversion

Health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in relation to gender

Aim To describe health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survivors in relation to gender. Methods This national register study consists of data from follow-up registration of IHCA survivors 3–6 months post cardiac arrest (CA) in Sweden. A questionnaire was sent to the survivors, including measurements of health status (EQ-5D-5L) and psychological distress (H

Tissue-specific short chain fatty acid metabolism and slow metabolic recovery after ischemia from hyperpolarized NMR in vivo

Mechanistic details of mammalian metabolism in vivo and dynamic metabolic changes in intact organisms are difficult to monitor because of the lack of spatial, chemical, or temporal resolution when applying traditional analytical tools. These limitations can be addressed by sensitivity enhancement technology for fast in vivo NMR assays of enzymatic fluxes in tissues of interest. We apply this metho

Surface-sensitive X-ray diffraction across the pressure gap

In this chapter surface-sensitive X-ray diffraction is introduced as an important crystallographic tool for the investigation of surfaces and nanostructures under high pressure reaction conditions and elevated temperatures which are relevant for industrial catalysis. After the introduction surface-sensitive X-ray diffraction methods are briefly explained and specialized instrumentation developed f

Special considerations for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in the elderly

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in older adults, and its burden is expected to increase in older populations. Even if the knowledge on the approach to older patient with CKD is still evolving, current guidelines for pharmacological management of CKD does not include specific recommendations for older patients. Additionally, decision-making on renal replacement therapy (RRT) for older patien

Thin reaction zone and distributed reaction zone regimes in turbulent premixed methane/air flames : Scalar distributions and correlations

A series of premixed turbulent methane/air jet flames in the thin reaction zone (TRZ) and distributed reaction zone (DRZ) regimes were studied using simultaneous three-scalar high-resolution imaging measurements, including HCO/OH/CH2O, CH/OH/CH2O, T/OH/CH2O and T/CH/OH/. These scalar fields offer a possibility of revisiting the structures of turbulent premixed flames in different combustion regime

Launching an interdisciplinary “International Summer School on Ageing” (ISSA) : Aims, methodology, and outcomes

ABSTRACT: Despite the increasing availability of gerontological training programs, knowledge of their contents, characteristics, methods, and outcomes remains limited. However, the transition from multidisciplinarity to interdisciplinary orientations is now fundamental to such training, providing participants from diverse academic orientations and professional backgrounds with opportunities to int

Validation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnoses in healthcare databases : A systematic review protocol

Introduction Healthcare databases are useful sources to investigate the epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), to assess longitudinal outcomes in patients with COPD, and to develop disease management strategies. However, in order to constitute a reliable source for research, healthcare databases need to be validated. The aim of this protocol is to perform the first systemati

Overnight supervision of Alzheimer's disease patients in nursing homes : System development and field trial

The number of patients affected by Alzheimer's disease among the population is currently growing, while the availability of resources for their assistance is decreasing. A solution for this problem is provided by the use of Ambient Assisted Living technologies, with the objectives to prolong the independent living of patients at home, to relieve assistance burden on caregivers, and to improve care

The UP-TECH project, an intervention to support caregivers of Alzheimer's disease patients in Italy : Preliminary findings on recruitment and caregiving burden in the baseline population

Objectives: The paper describes recruitment results and characteristics of the UP-TECH clinical trial sample, including level of care services use, informal caregiver burden and its determinants.Methods: UP-TECH is designed to test innovative care solutions for community-dwelling patients with moderate stage Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers in Italy. Four hundred and fifty patient-caregive

Crystal structure of human chondroadherin : Solving a difficult molecular-replacement problem using de novo models

Chondroadherin (CHAD) is a cartilage matrix protein that mediates the adhesion of isolated chondrocytes. Its protein core is composed of 11 leucine-rich repeats (LRR) flanked by cysteine-rich domains. CHAD makes important interactions with collagen as well as with cell-surface heparin sulfate proteoglycans and α2β1 integrins. The integrin-binding site is located in a region of hitherto unknown str

Migrant care workers and rehospitalization among older patients discharged from acute care hospitals

Aim: The relationship between support at home and rehospitalization has not been extensively studied until now. In particular, little is known about the impact of being assisted by migrant care workers (MCW) and rehospitalization. We aimed at investigating such a relationship in a population of older patients discharged from hospitals. Methods: Our series consisted of 506 patients aged 65 years or

The Report-AGE project : a permanent epidemiological observatory to identify clinical and biological markers of health outcomes in elderly hospitalized patients in Italy

Background: Italy is expected to experience the largest growth in persons ≥65 years (>20 % by 2020). This demographic shift allows for geriatric research on predictive clinical and biological markers of outcomes related to frailty, re-hospitalization and mortality. Aims: To describe rationale and methods of the Report-AGE study project of acute care patients in Italian National Research Center on

The economic impact of moderate stage Alzheimer's disease in Italy : Evidence from the UP-TECH randomized trial

Background: There is consensus that dementia is the most burdensome disease for modern societies. Few cost-of-illness studies examined the complexity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) burden, considering at the same time health and social care, cash allowances, informal care, and out-of-pocket expenditure by families. Methods: This is a comprehensive cost-of-illness study based on the baseline data from

Advanced technology care innovation for older people in Italy : Necessity and opportunity to promote health and wellbeing

Even though there is a constant and accelerating growth of the aging population worldwide, such a rapid rise is negatively impacting available home and community services not able to encompass the necessities associated with the increased number of older people. In particular, there are increasing demands on e-health care services and smart technologies needed for frail elders with chronic disease

Analysis with the exome array identifies multiple new independent variants in lipid loci

It has been hypothesized that low frequency (1-5% minor allele frequency (MAF)) and rare ( 1000-fold more significant than the previous sentinel variant and not in close LD (six had MAF < 5%). Furthermore, conditional analysis revealed multiple independent signals (ranging from 1 to 5) in a third of the 98 lipid loci tested, including rare variants. Addition of our novel associations resulted in b