We present a fast fabrication technique to achieve SU-8 structures with sloped side walls. We investigate the method of ‘Step-and-Flash’ which combines hot embossing with UV sensitive materials. The stamps are fabricated in Si by KOH etching to achieve mesa structures with side walls at a 54.7° angle to the bottom. These stamps are imprinted into SU-8-coated Pyrex wafers during the soft bake step

In this study, corn stover with a dry matter content of 20% was impregnated with SO2 and then steam pretreated for various times at various temperatures. The pretreatment was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis of the solid material and analysis of the sugar content in the liquid. The maximum overall yield of glucose, 89% of the theoretical based on the glucan in the raw material, was achieved when

We reconstruct the Holocene range fluctuations of the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) for northern and Central Europe. Based on 529 subfossil records and radiocarbon dating of critical finds, we provide evidence that E. orbicularis experienced a rapid range expansion with Holocene warming. Phylogeographic data argue for a colonization of northern and Central Europe from a glacial refuge lo

Objective. To examine, in an inception cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, the association between neuropsychiatric (NP) events and anti-ribosomal P (anti-P), antiphospholipid (lupus anticoagulant [LAC], anticardiolipin), anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I, and anti-NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies. Methods. NP events were identified using the American College of Rheumatology case defi

The FUS gene at 16p11 fuses with DDIT3 and ATF1 as the result of translocations with chromosome band 12q13 in myxoid liposarcoma and angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma, respectively, and with ERG as the result of a t(16;21)(p11;q22) in acute myeloid leukemia. We here show that a t(7;16)(q33;p11) in two cases of low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma fuses the FUS gene to BBF2H7, a previously uncharacterized

In this work we have calculated excitation energies and photoionization cross sections of Be and Ne in the exact-exchange (EXX) approximation of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The main focus has been on the frequency dependence of the EXX kernel and on how it affects the spectrum as compared to the corresponding adiabatic approximation. We show that for some discrete excitation

The economic feasibility of preconcentrating dilute sugar solutions prior to fermentation is investigated. Two methods, evaporation and reverse osmosis, are compared. A computer program to determine the optimal preconcentration conditions for glucose solutions of 1.5–16 wt% has been developed. It was used to compute the fractional cost for labor and maintenance, preconcentration, fermentation, and

Study of the reception of Ingmar Bergman's film The Silence, famous for its sexual explicitness. The film triggered some debate in Sweden but was passed by the Board of Censorship, mostly because of Bergman's international fame.

Positional cloning of the underlying genes for the rare syndrome autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidadiasis extrodermal dystrophy (APECED) opened a new venue of research on the role of central tolerance in autoimmunity. The associated autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE), was found to be expressed in medullary thymus epithelial cells (mTEC) in both man and mice, and to control promiscuous expression

The aim of the study was to analyze effects of various plasma concentrations of the vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 on microvascular fluid permeability and on transcapillary fluid exchange. We also analyzed whether the permeability-reducing substance prostacyclin is involved in the permeability effects of endothelin-1, as prostacylin is suggested to be released via ET(B) receptor stimulation. The stu

Recent findings indicate that the interactions among CO2, temperature and water can be substantial, and that the combined effects on the biological systems of several factors may not be predicted from experiments with one or a few factors. Therefore realistic multifactorial experiments involving a larger set of main factors are needed. We describe a new Danish climate change-related field scale ex

Tawny owls Strix aluco generally roost in cryptic locations during the day. To test the hypothesis that this cryptic behaviour is an effort to avoid mobbers or avian predators, we measured diurnal behaviour and cause-specific mortality of radio-tagged birds. Non-breeding adults (assumed to be well fed individuals, optimising their own survival) roosted in less exposed locations than adults with yo